A trend to PFS improvement was shown in the faster vaccination schedule. Vaccine-related edema in one patient with gross residual disease before vaccination was the only serious adverse event.Ĭonclusion: Adjuvant DC-based immunotherapy for patients with relapsed GBM is safe and can induce long-term survival. A trend to improved PFS was observed in favor of the faster DC vaccination schedule with tumor lysate boosting. For OS, younger age and total resection were predictors of a better outcome in univariable analysis but not in multivariable analysis. Total resection was a predictor for better PFS both in univariable analysis and after correction for the other covariates. Results: Since the prevaccine reoperation, the median PFS and OS of the total group was 3 and 9.6 months, respectively, with a 2-year OS of 14.8%. Feasibility and toxicity were assessed as well as effect of age, extent of resection, Karnofsky Performance Score, and treatment cohort on the progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) using univariable and multivariable analysis. Children and adults were treated similarly in three consecutive cohorts, with progressively shorter vaccination intervals per cohort. Purpose: To investigate the therapeutic role of adjuvant vaccination with autologous mature dendritic cells (DC) loaded with tumor lysates derived from autologous, resected glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) at time of relapse.Įxperimental Design: Fifty-six patients with relapsed GBM (WHO grade IV) were treated with at least three vaccinations.
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